
Pictured above, Hurricane Isabel.
With Tropical Storm Fay (which might become a hurricane by the time you read this) churning near Key West, I thought (and by "I," I mean Carol Mangis, my editor) it might be a good time to let you know where you can get the best hurricane/tropical storm/cyclone/typhoon data. I'm a meteorologist. These are sites I use.
There are hurricane basins scattered around the world. Each has a different favored season depending on climatology. This sea surface temperature animation pinpoints them pretty well. Here in the United States our most likely time for tropical storms is late spring through late summer--though they can happen year-round. We get them on both coasts, though the Pacific storms usually stay away from the U.S. mainland.
The tropical weather brain trust works at the National Hurricane Center, which on the organizational chart is part of the National Weather Service, which is part of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, which is part of the Commerce Department. Wow--I wonder if there's any bureaucracy there? That being said, these are really bright people who understand their task. I sometimes question the specific numbers they post--never their intentions or dedication.
Because we have a general idea where hurricanes form and the conditions necessary for formation, forecasters keep a close eye on those regions. In the beginning it's mainly done by remote sensing--starting with satellites. The Hurricane Center uses both geostationary satellites and low Earth orbiters like QuickScat. Just to show you how intricate hurricane formation is, here's a satellite animation ...